{"id":15039,"date":"2023-05-24T16:25:12","date_gmt":"2023-05-24T19:25:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.revistahcsm.coc.fiocruz.br\/english\/?p=15039"},"modified":"2023-06-05T07:51:05","modified_gmt":"2023-06-05T10:51:05","slug":"in-search-of-latin-americas-ideal-child-in-the-1930s","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistahcsm.coc.fiocruz.br\/english\/in-search-of-latin-americas-ideal-child-in-the-1930s\/","title":{"rendered":"In search of Latin America\u2019s \u201cideal child\u201d in the 1930s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mayo de 2023<\/p>\n

In the 1930s, the Colombian government implemented the Healthy Child Contest to guarantee the future of the \u201crace\u201d and the nation. The contest gained traction in the 1930s with the rise of eugenics in Latin America. This scientific, social, and political international movement aiming to \u201cimprove the race\u201d by regulating individuals\u2019 sexuality and reproduction focused its attention on child protection.<\/p>\n

In the article\u00a0In search of the \u201cideal child\u201d: The Colombian Healthy Child Contest<\/a>,<\/strong>\u00a0Professor of Latin-American History and Temporary lecturer at Facult\u00e9 des Affaires Internationales\/Universit\u00e9 Le Havre, France, Iv\u00e1n Dar\u00edo Olaya Pel\u00e1ez argues that it targeted low- and working- classes who were considered as the cause of not only their misery due to their depraved morals and vicious social behaviors but also the supposedly biological degeneration of the national population.<\/p>\n

According to the contest\u2019s directives, the candidates must \u201cbe exclusively breastfed until the age of six months, not have any signs of hereditary defects, not have any organic defects, and have personal hygienic habits and [dwell] in a hygienic household.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"

El Tiempo, 9 Octubre, 1937<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

As a medical and socio-political strategy implemented throughout the Americas, the National Healthy Child Contest remained another prophylactic and educational mechanism to control social health and private life to create a national identity. It also reflects the Colombian Liberal government\u2019s will to \u201ccivilise\u201d the population. To attain a higher degree of civilisation, improving education and sanitary conditions was not enough: it was necessary to modify the hereditary and biological component of the population to stop the degeneration process that had already started.<\/p>\n

Experts from the Americas widely discussed the importance of implementing the contest during the Pan-American Sanitary and Child\u2019s Congress as well as the three Pan-American Congresses of Eugenics and Homiculture.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

About Eugenics:\u00a0<\/u><\/p>\n

Maternolog\u00eda, eugenesia y s\u00edfilis en Espa\u00f1a durante el primer franquismo, 1939-1950<\/a>\u00a0El art\u00edculo de Ram\u00f3n Castej\u00f3n-Bolea y Mar\u00eda-Teresa Riquelme-Qui\u00f1onero publicado en 2022 en HCS-Manguinhos ha sido incluido en el Anuario InfoRUVID 2022, de la Red de Universidades Valencianas para el fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n, el Desarrollo y la Innovaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Eugenesia a trav\u00e9s de la revista Viva Cien A\u00f1os, Argentina, 1934-1947<\/a>\u00a0La publicaci\u00f3n Viva Cien A\u00f1os, publicada en Argentina hasta 1947, surgi\u00f3 como un emprendimiento editorial dirigido por un grupo de m\u00e9dicos con una reconocida trayectoria en \u00e1mbitos acad\u00e9micos y cient\u00edficos.<\/p>\n

Nuevos aportes a la historia de la eugenesia<\/a>\u00a0Rese\u00f1a del libro \u201cUna historia de la eugenesia. Argentina y las redes biopol\u00edticas internacionales (1912-1945)\u201d, de Marisa Miranda y Gustavo Vallejo, a cargo de H\u00e9ctor Palma (Universidad Nacional de San Martin).<\/p>\n

La eugenesia tard\u00eda en Argentina y su estereotipo de familiar<\/a>\u00a0Este art\u00edculo se ocupa de delinear las caracter\u00edsticas principales del estereotipo de familia promovido por la Sociedad Argentina de Eugenesia, 1945-1970.<\/p>\n

Una eugenesia latina<\/a>\u00a0Marisa Miranda y Gustavo Vallejo, editores invitados del \u00faltimo n\u00famero de HCS-Manguinhos, analizan las diferencias entre las denominadas eugenesia anglosajona y eugenesia latina.<\/p>\n

Los sinuosos or\u00edgenes de la eugenesia Argentina<\/a>\u00a0El trabajo discute las disputas e ideolog\u00edas en el surgimiento de un campo cient\u00edfico entre 1916 y 1932.<\/p>\n

\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 lo llaman eugenesia cuando es neomalthusianismo?<\/a>\u00a0El debate que se realiz\u00f3 en medios anarquistas espa\u00f1oles entre 1900 y 1936.<\/p>\n

Raza y eugenesia en Metr\u00f3polis latinas (1880-1945)<\/a>\u00a0Julio 2018 La Universidad Nacional de Quilmes ofrece el curso de posgrado \u2018Raza y eugenesia en Metr\u00f3polis latinas (1880-1945)\u00a0dirigido a graduados en Ciencias Sociales. Fecha de inscripci\u00f3n: del 1 al 15 de agosto M\u00e1s informaciones:\u00a0https:\/\/bit.ly\/2ujg593 Leer en Manguinhos: \u00a0Latin Eugenics in a Transnational Context.\u00a0Hist. cienc….<\/p>\n

Eugenesia en el franquismo<\/a>\u00a0Se analizan los discursos y las pr\u00e1cticas eugen\u00e9sicas durante las primeras d\u00e9cadas de la dictadura franquista.<\/p>\n

Eugenesia en Buenos Aires<\/a>\u00a0Diego Armus se detiene en el problema de la esterilizaci\u00f3n y regulaci\u00f3n del matrimonio de quienes padec\u00edan de tuberculosis en Buenos Aires durante la primera mitad del siglo XX.<\/p>\n

Eugenesia y racismo en M\u00e9xico<\/a>\u00a0En el \u00faltimo n\u00famero de Manguinhos, el investigador Leonardo Dallacqua de Carvalho analiza el libro.<\/p>\n

The press and hygiene in nineteenth-century Rio de Janeiro<\/a>\u00a0One of the aspects that received the most attention from nineteenth-century journalists was the hygiene and health of the population of Rio de Janeiro. Women and men became the targets of a series of prescriptions in the press that described how the people of the city should care for their body and health; after all, a healthy body was a prerequisite for shaping men and women suitable to contribute to the future of the Empire.<\/p>\n

La medicalizaci\u00f3n del embarazo durante el franquismo<\/a>\u00a0Seg\u00fan se explica en el estudio, al r\u00e9gimen franquista le preocupaba el bajo \u00edndice de natalidad del pa\u00eds. Pero, adem\u00e1s de lograr un incremento en el n\u00famero de nacimientos, se pretend\u00eda mejorar la calidad de la poblaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

\u00a1Madre y patria!<\/a>\u00a0\u201cEl \u00faltimo libro de la investigadora Marisa Miranda es una obra crucial para el desarrollo de los estudios sobre las sexualidades, la eugenesia y los cuerpos en Argentina.\u201d Acceda a la rese\u00f1a de \u201c\u00a1Madre y patria!\u201d.<\/p>\n

Between examining children\u2019s bodies and shaping racial norms<\/a>,\u00a0Helo\u00edsa Helena Pimenta Rocha\u00a0discusses individual examination practices as part of the interventions carried out by the S\u00e3o Paulo State School Medical Inspection Service.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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