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The character Z\u00e9 Gotinha promotes\u00a0the National Movement for Vaccination during the Carnival Parade at Samb\u00f3dromo, Rio de Janeiro. Z\u00e9 Gotinha is a cartoon created in 1986 by the artist Darlan Rosa for the vaccination campaign against polio. Photo: Ministry of Health<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n <\/p>\n Vivian Mannheimer| HCS-Manguinho’s Blog<\/p>\n The Brazilian Ministry of Health recently launched the National Movement for Vaccination, intending to resume high vaccination coverage in the country.\u00a0 The former Brazilian government neglected vaccination policies, and negationism and misinformation may have affected the confidence of many Brazilians in vaccines.<\/p>\n With the motto “Vaccine is life. Vaccine is for everyone”, the mobilization includes vaccination against Covid-19 and other immunizers from the National Vaccination Calendar in several stages.<\/p>\n Z\u00e9 Gotinha in a campaign against p\u00f3lio. In P\u00f4rto, \u00c2., & Ponte, C. F.. (2003).Vaccines and campaigns: images with a story to tell<\/a>. Hist\u00f3ria, Ci\u00eancias, Sa\u00fade-manguinhos, 10 (Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos, 2003 10 suppl 2).<\/p><\/div>\n According to information from\u00a0<\/span>the Brazilian Ministry of Health<\/span><\/a>, even though Brazil is considered an international reference in this matter, the country has experienced setbacks in this field in recent years, which increases the risk of reintroduction of diseases that have already been eliminated, such as polio.<\/span><\/p>\n PAHO Representative in Brazil<\/a>, Socorro Gross, stated that “Brazil’s national immunization program is one of the most comprehensive that we have in our region of the Americas.<\/span><\/p>\n The first step of this movement was the introduction of the bivalent COVID-19 vaccine, a so-called second-generation vaccine that includes a component of the original virus strain to provide broad protection against COVID-19 and a component of the omicron variant.<\/p>\n HCS-Manguinhos has published several articles on vaccines, vaccination campaigns, and disease eradication in Latin America. Among the topics covered, we can mention the vaccination campaigns and public policies that eradicated polio and smallpox, research for developing a vaccine against Malaria, and the international circulation of knowledge that favored the development of vaccines in Brazil.<\/p>\n The race for a vaccine<\/span><\/a>\u00a0The disputed race for the vaccine against the new coronavirus is the topic explored by Marcos Cueto, scientific editor of HCS-Manguinhos, in the Editor’s note of its latest issue.<\/span><\/p>\n The establishment of the Manguinhos laboratory, 1894-1902<\/span><\/a>. Matheus Alves da Silva analyzes the 1900 establishment of the Federal Serum Therapy Institute of Manguinhos, Fiocruz, in Rio de Janeiro, focusing on the international circulation of knowledge.<\/span><\/p>\n Newspaper ad: Xuxa, a famous presenter of children’s programs, stars, alongside Z\u00e9 Gotinha, in a vaccination campaign in 1989 (image: Biblioteca Nacional Digital) Source:\u00a0Ag\u00eancia Senado<\/p><\/div>\n In the first half of 1951, the last case of smallpox was registered in Mexico. The investigation note “<\/span>The phase after the eradication of smallpox in Mexico, 1952-1977<\/span><\/a>\u00a0” by Nydia Aguirre-Bola\u00f1os proposes research on the stage after the declaration of the disease eradication in the country.<\/span><\/p>\n In<\/span>\u00a0A battle won: the elimination of poliomyelitis in Cuba<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Enrique Beldarra\u00edn Chaple, professor at the Medical University of La Habana, discusses the central role of the state in the elimination of polio in the country and aims to reconstruct the history of the disease in Cuba until the first National Campaign of Vaccination Antipolio (1962 ) and it also analyzes the continuity of the annual vaccination campaigns has the certification of their elimination (1994).<\/span><\/p>\n Breakthroughs towards a malaria vaccine<\/span><\/a>\u00a0is a testimony by scientist Ruth Nussenzweig, C.V. Starr Professor at New York University School of Medicine, about her work to develop an antimalarial vaccine. She traces some of the stages her research has passed in her testimony.<\/span><\/p>\n Line of people in the street entering a building of the Public Health Department, Vaccination Office \u2018Dr. Balmis\u2019 in Mexico City\u201d. Source: Agostoni, Claudia.”M\u00e9dicos, campa\u00f1as y vacunas\u00a0la viruela y la cultura de su prevenci\u00f3n en M\u00e9xico 1870-1952″.<\/p><\/div>\n The article\u00a0<\/span>Control, containment, and health education in the smallpox-vaccination campaigns in Mexico in the 1940s<\/span><\/a>, by\u201c Agostoni, Claudia. \u201cM\u00e9dicos, campa\u00f1as y vacunas la viruela y la cultura de su prevenci\u00f3n en M\u00e9xico 1870-1952.” Claudia Agostoni, analyzes why a uniform and coordinated vaccination method was adopted to counter the outbreaks of this endemic disease, especially in central Mexico and the reasons why smallpox vaccination was considered critical to establishing a culture of prevention.<\/span><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/span>In\u00a0<\/span>Smallpox eradication, laboratory visits, and a touch of tourism: travel notes of a Canadian scientist in Brazil<\/span><\/a>, Steven Palmer, Gilberto Hochman, and Danieli Arbex present the travel notes diary of Canadian scientist Robert J. Wilson when he visited Brazil in April 1967 during the Smallpox Eradication Programme run by the WHO. Wilson’s report makes it possible to reflect on the smallpox eradication campaign in Brazil and the Canada-Brazil cooperation to improve the quality of the smallpox vaccine.<\/span><\/p>\n A hist\u00f3ria da imuniza\u00e7\u00e3o no Brasil: o presente no passado<\/a>\u00a0Veja o que\u00a0HCS-Manguinhos<\/i>\u00a0publicou desde 1996, com destaque a suplemento tem\u00e1tico de 2003<\/p>\n Covid-19 in HCS-Manguinhos:<\/p>\n The\u00a0<\/span>disputed race for the vaccine against the new coronavirus\u00a0<\/span><\/a>is explored by Marcos Cueto, scientific editor of HCS-Manguinhos, in the Editor’s note of HCSM’s recent issue. According to Cueto, this race reveals the importance of technology in the battle against the pandemic, but a look at past epidemic outbreaks has shown that the fight against diseases needs to consider social and institutional factors.<\/span><\/p>\n Covid-19 and racism in Peru<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Researchers Jos\u00e9 Ragas and Patricia Palma examine three major epidemics (yellow fever, the bubonic plague, and covid-19) to demonstrate the current and somewhat surprising shift in negative attitudes toward the Chinese community.<\/span><\/p>\n Historia en tiempos pand\u00e9micos: covid-19 en Latinoam\u00e9rica<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Teniendo como marco la tr\u00e1gica presencia de covid-19, historiadores de M\u00e9xico, Argentina y Brasil realizan reflexiones en este texto sobre el contexto de la pandemia, as\u00ed como su relaci\u00f3n con precariedades sanitarias institucionales, estigmas persistentes y desigualdades sociales pasadas.<\/span><\/p>\n Colombia y la instrumentalizaci\u00f3n de la pandemia de COVID-19<\/span><\/a>\u00a0El investigador Jorge M\u00e1rquez Valderrama, de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, analiza las concepciones positivas y negativas de la instrumentalizaci\u00f3n de la epidemia en las esferas empresarial, educativa y pol\u00edtica.<\/span><\/p>\n Chile y la pandemia de covid-19: memoria de la medicina social y crisis neoliberal<\/span><\/a>\u00a0En la secci\u00f3n Testimonios COVID-19 (HCSM v.29, Jan-Mar 2022), Marcelo S\u00e1nchez Delgado, Profesor asistente, Centro de Estudios Culturales Latinoamericanos \/ Universidad de Chile, analiza la pandemia en el pa\u00eds en el contexto de crisis neoliberal.<\/span><\/p>\n La covid-19 en Cuba seis meses despu\u00e9s<\/span><\/a>\u00a0El presente art\u00edculo, de Enrique Beldarra\u00edn Chaple, pretende reflexionar sobre el comportamiento de la covid-19 en Cuba y las medidas tomadas para su control. Para ello se revisaron las informaciones oficiales del Ministerio de Salud P\u00fablica (Minsap), art\u00edculos de prensa, as\u00ed como art\u00edculos cient\u00edficos publicados sobre el tema.<\/span><\/p>\n China, COVID-19 and the History of Science<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Xingbo Luo: “Although the concepts and methods of Digital Humanities have been spread in China for a long time, this field has never developed as rapidly as in the past year.”<\/span><\/p>\n M\u00e9dicos, enfermeras y pacientes: entre la incertidumbre y las carencias en tiempo de COVID-19 en M\u00e9xico<\/span><\/a>\u00a0La investigadora Claudia Agostoni, de la UNAM, reflexiona sobre los problemas cr\u00f3nicos del sistema de salud de Mexico en el enfrentamiento a la Covid-19.<\/span><\/p>\n Coronavirus and History\u00a0<\/span><\/a>\u2013 la pandemia de Covid-19 en la perspectiva de historiadores de diferentes pa\u00edses.<\/span><\/p>\n See all articles and stories about vaccination already published in HCSM:<\/span><\/p>\n The Politics of Vaccination<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Jaime Benchimol, a member of our scientific editorial council, wrote the article about the yellow fever vaccine in Brazil.<\/span><\/p>\n Julie Laplante; Julie Bruneau,<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>Aper\u00e7u d\u2019une anthropologie du vaccin: regards sur l\u2019\u00e9thique d\u2019une pratique humanitaire<\/span><\/a>.<\/span>\u00a0Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos<\/span><\/em>\u00a0[online]. 2003, vol.10, suppl.2.<\/span><\/p>\n Las campa\u00f1as de vacunaci\u00f3n contra la viruela en M\u00e9xico durante la d\u00e9cada de 1940<\/span><\/a>\u00a0El art\u00edculo examina algunas transformaciones por las que atravesaron los programas mexicanos de vacunaci\u00f3n al establecerse la Campa\u00f1a Nacional contra la Viruela.<\/span><\/p>\n El devenir hist\u00f3rico de la poliomielitis en la Argentina<\/span><\/a>\u00a0Rese\u00f1a de Fausto Gabriel Ferreyra sobre la investigaci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica de Daniela Testa acerca de la poliomielitis en Argentina.<\/span><\/p>\n Aguirre-Bola\u00f1os, Nydia.\u00a0<\/span>La etapa posterior a la erradicaci\u00f3n de la viruela en M\u00e9xico, 1952-1977<\/span><\/a>. Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos, Set 2018, vol.25, no.3.<\/span><\/p>\n Chaple, Enrique Beldarra\u00edn.\u00a0<\/span>Una batalla ganada: la eliminaci\u00f3n de la poliomielitis en Cuba<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span>Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos<\/span><\/em>, Set 2015, vol.22, no.3<\/span><\/p>\n Altink, Henrice.\u00a0<\/span>The black scourge? Race and the Rockefeller Foundation’s tuberculosis commission in interwar Jamaica<\/span><\/a>. Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos, Oct 2017, vol.24, no.4.<\/span><\/p>\n Nussenzweig, Ruth Sonntag.\u00a0<\/span>Breakthroughs towards a malaria vaccine<\/span><\/a>. Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos, June 2011, vol.18, no.2<\/span><\/p>\n Palmer, Steven, Hochman, Gilberto and Arbex, Danieli.\u00a0<\/span>Smallpox eradication, laboratory visits, and a touch of tourism: travel notes of a Canadian scientist in Brazil<\/span><\/a>. Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos, 2010, vol.17, no.3.<\/span><\/p>\n Hochman, Gilberto and Palmer, Steven\u00a0<\/span>Smallpox eradication and Brazil: an interview with Donald A. Henderson<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0<\/span>Hist. cienc. saude-Manguinhos<\/span><\/em>, 2010, vol.17, no.3.<\/span><\/p>\n![\"\"](\"http:\/\/www.revistahcsm.coc.fiocruz.br\/english\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Screen-Shot-2023-03-18-at-7.36.34-AM.png\")
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