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Belis\u00e1rio Penna. Acervo da Casa de Oswaldo Cruz\/Fiocruz<\/p><\/div>\n
The sanitation of Brazil proposed by the physician and sanitarian Belis\u00e1rio Penna (1868-1939) drew on a variety of interpretations of Brazilian society, including a move away from racial determinism, a belief in social medicine, the centralization of health service administration and the sanitation of people\u2019s habits and behaviors.<\/p>\n
In the article\u00a0To sanitize is to eugenize: the \u201cpreventive\u201d eugenics of Belis\u00e1rio Penna at the service of sanitation in Brazil, 1920-1930<\/a>, Leonardo Dallacqua de Carvalho, researcher at Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Maranh\u00e3o, linked to the regional science and technology development program and the graduate program in History at State University of Maranh\u00e3o, addresses two fundamental concepts for his thinking: \u201cBrazilian race\u201d and \u201cpreventive\u201d eugenics.<\/p>\n The way in which Penna saw the Brazilian racial issue was fundamental to adhere to the eugenic conception combined with social medicine and its project of \u201chealth awareness.\u201d\u00a0The discussion about race brought Penna closer to \u201cpreventive\u201d eugenics, whose reformist proposal was in line with the idea of the absolution of race.<\/p>\n Thus, the defense of an eugenics classified as \u201cpreventive\u201d established a coherence for a social reform project through the sanitation defended by Penna.<\/p>\n Penna moved away from different forms of determinism, preferring to focus on what he called the \u201caccursed trinity:\u201d disease, illiteracy, and alcoholism.\u00a0For the sanitarian (1868-1939), alcohol and syphilis would cause the degeneration of the population and would justify the interference of the State in private life. This conception of eugenics suggested making improvements to the environment and fighting racial poisons in order to improve heredity and bring forth a new level of population through state assistance.<\/p>\n Carvalho, Leonardo Dallacqua de. Sanear \u00e9 eugenizar: a eugenia \u201cpreventiva\u201d de Belis\u00e1rio Penna a servi\u00e7o do saneamento do Brasil, 1920-1930<\/a>. Hist\u00f3ria, Ci\u00eancias, Sa\u00fade-Manguinhos [online]. 2022, v. 29, n. 3 [Accessed\u00a028 November 2022] , pp. 645-660.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n Hist\u00f3ria, Ci\u00eancias, Sa\u00fade-Manguinhos, Volume: 29, Issue: 3, Published: 2022<\/a><\/p>\n Eugenics in HCS-Manguinhos:<\/p>\n Gini\u2019s thoughts on eugenics<\/a>\u00a0Although Gini is best remembered today as a statistician and demographer, the paper argues that his interest in population statistics was entirely subordinated to his passion for eugenics.<\/p>\n Eugenics in Mediterranean Europe and Latin America<\/a>\u00a0HCSM\u2019s new issue explores eugenic thinking and practice beyond the English-speaking world.<\/p>\n Eugenics and sterilization in the United States, 1920 \u2013 1950<\/a>\u00a0Alexandra Minna Stern and her team at the University of Michigan reviews medical records to investigate ethnic and gender bias in sterilization policies.<\/p>\n Eugenics and sterilization in the United States<\/a>\u00a0In an interview to HCS-Manguinhos, Alexandra Stern, University of Michigan, talks about her initial findings related to ethnic and gender bias in sterilization policies.<\/p>\n Between Germanic and Latin eugenics: Portugal, 1930-1960<\/a>\u00a0Richard Mark Cleminson discusses the participation of Portuguese eugenicists in \u201cLatin eugenics\u201d.<\/p>\n